PT-141 (CAS 189691-06-3) – Research Grade is a high-purity chemical compound.

Bremelanotide is an oligopeptide.

Research Context

Research Applications

PT-141, also known as Bremelanotide, is primarily studied for its applications in sexual dysfunction, particularly in conditions such as erectile dysfunction and hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). This peptide has garnered interest in multiple therapeutic areas, including libido enhancement and sexual health. While not yet FDA-approved for any specific indication, PT-141 has been the subject of clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy in treating sexual dysfunction, particularly in women.

History & Development

PT-141 was originally developed by Palatin Technologies in the early 2000s. The peptide emerged from research aimed at creating a melanin-concentrating hormone analog that could stimulate sexual arousal. In 2019, PT-141 received FDA approval under the trade name Vyleesi for the treatment of HSDD in premenopausal women. The development of PT-141 included notable design features such as resistance to enzymatic degradation, allowing for a prolonged half-life and enhanced bioavailability.

Mechanism of Action

PT-141 functions primarily as an agonist of the melanocortin receptors, specifically the MC3R and MC4R subtypes. By binding to these receptors in the central nervous system, PT-141 influences sexual arousal and desire. The activation of these receptors leads to the release of neurotransmitters that enhance sexual motivation and arousal, making it distinct from phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, which primarily focus on the vascular aspects of erectile function.

Clinical Data

Published studies suggest that PT-141 is effective in improving sexual desire and function. For instance, a Phase 3 study led by *Gordon et al.* demonstrated a significant improvement in sexual desire scores among women with HSDD, with many participants reporting enhanced sexual satisfaction compared to placebo. Another study by *Peters et al.* indicated that PT-141 could lead to a notable increase in the number of satisfying sexual events per month. These studies have contributed to the understanding of PT-141's potential in sexual health.

How It Compares

When compared to other compounds used in sexual dysfunction treatment, PT-141 shows distinct mechanisms and applications. For instance, PDE5 inhibitors like Sildenafil and Tadalafil primarily enhance blood flow by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of cGMP, while PT-141 works at the central nervous system level to enhance sexual desire. Additionally, unlike other sexual dysfunction treatments, PT-141 does not require sexual stimulation to achieve its effects, which may offer advantages for certain populations.

Furthermore, compared to other peptides such as CJC-1295 or Ipamorelin, which are primarily researched for growth hormone modulation, PT-141's action is specifically targeted towards sexual arousal pathways rather than metabolic enhancement or body composition. This makes PT-141 unique in its application and mechanism of action.

Solubility & Storage

PT-141 is typically reconstituted using sterile water or bacteriostatic water, which helps ensure stability and sterility. For storage, the lyophilized form should be kept at -20°C to maintain potency, while the reconstituted solution is generally stable for up to 30 days when stored in a refrigerator at 2-8°C. It is advisable to protect the peptide from light and avoid frequent freeze-thaw cycles to ensure optimal stability.

Future Research Directions

Future research on PT-141 is exploring its potential off-label applications, including its effects on sexual arousal in men and postmenopausal women. Additionally, researchers are investigating its possible use in combination therapies for other sexual dysfunctions, as well as its effects in populations with psychological components to sexual dysfunction. As clinical data accumulate, PT-141 may see expanded therapeutic applications beyond its current indications.